Ansible roles实现LAMP架构部署wordpress

为何使用Ansible及Ansible特点? Agentless(去中心化) Stupied Simple SSH by default YAML no code，定制剧本 基于python实现 模块化：调用特定模块 ，完成特定任务，支持自定义模块

整个role目录的结构:

.
├── ansible.cfg
├── hosts
├── httpd-php_roles.retry
├── httpd-php_roles.yml
├── roles
│ ├── httpd
│ │ ├── files
│ │ │ ├── mysql_wp.sh
│ │ │ ├── wordpress-4.7.4-zh_CN.tar.gz
│ │ │ ├── wordpress.conf
│ │ │ └── wp-config.php
│ │ ├── handlers
│ │ │ └── main.yml
│ │ ├── tasks
│ │ │ └── main.yml
│ │ └── vars
│ ├── mariadb
│ │ ├── defaults
│ │ ├── files
│ │ ├── handlers
│ │ │ └── main.yml
│ │ ├── tasks
│ │ │ └── main.yml
│ │ ├── templetes
│ │ └── vars
│ └── php
│ ├── defaults
│ ├── files
│ ├── handlers
│ ├── meta
│ ├── tasks
│ │ └── main.yml
│ ├── tmpletes
│ └── vars
└── wp-config.php

1. 定义hosts目标主机:

vim /etc/ansible/hosts
[httpd]
192.168.5.111

2. 创建httpd相关的目录:

mkdir httpd/{tasks,vars,files} -pv

3. 进入tasks目录创建并编辑main.yml

---
- name: install httpd
  yum: name=httpd state=present
- name: conf httpd
  copy: src=wordpress.conf dest=/etc/httpd/conf.d/
- name: file wordpress
  copy: src=wordpress-4.7.4-zh_CN.tar.gz dest=/var/www/html
- name: tar wordpress.tar.gz
  shell: "tar -xf wordpress-4.7.4-zh_CN.tar.gz && chown -R apache.apache wordpress && mv wordpress-4.7.4-zh_CN.tar.gz /usr/local/src"
  args:
    chdir: /var/www/html 
  notify: start httpd  #当上面的执行完成后会触发handler定义的同名的动作 
- name: conf wp-config.php
  copy: src=wp-config.php dest=/var/www/html/wordpress
- name: mysql_wp.sh
  script: mysql_wp.sh
  notify: restart httpd 
- name: restart httpd
    service: name=httpd state=restarted

4. 将所需的文件放入roles/httpd/files中,文件中的内容下面用到会提及

files/
├── mysql_wp.sh
├── wordpress-4.7.4-zh_CN.tar.gz
├── wordpress.conf
└── wp-config.php

5. 在handlers中编辑main.yml定义触发的动作

---
- name: start httpd
  service: name=httpd state=started
- name: restart httpd
  service: name=httpd state=restarted

6. httpd的已经完成,接下来定义php模块的内容,同样在roles中创建php相关目录:

mkdir php/{tmpletes,tasks,files,handlers,meta,defaults,vars} -pv

7. 编辑tasks中的main.yml文件,这里只是安装了一个php模块:

---
- name: install php
  yum: name=php state=present

8. 定义mariadb相关的内容的目录:

mkdir mariadb/{templetes,handlers,vars,files,defaults,tasks} -vp

9. 编辑roles/mariadb/tasks/main.yml文件,顺带安装一下几个模块:

---
- name: install mariadb
  yum: name=mariadb-server state=present
- name: install httpd-mysql
  yum: name=php-mysql state=present
- name: install php-mbstring
  yum: name=php-mbstring state=present
- name: restart mariadb 
  service: name=mariadb state=restarted

10. wordpress程序需要手动更改一个配置文件,事先编辑好直接推送wordpress/目录下,这就是roles/httpd/files中的wp-conf.php,需要更改内容如下:

define('DB_NAME', 'wordpress');

/** MySQL数据库用户名 */
define('DB_USER', 'wpuser');

/** MySQL数据库密码 */
define('DB_PASSWORD', 'wppd');

/** MySQL主机 */
define('DB_HOST', 'localhost');

11. 上面定义的数据库需要数据库等需要自行创建,将其写脚本files/mysql_wp.sh文件:

#!/bin/bash
#
mysql -uroot -e " 
        CREATE DATABASE IF NOT EXISTS wordpress CHARACTER  SET 'utf8';
        GRANT ALL ON wordpress.* TO 'wpuser'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'wppd'; "

12. 与roles同级创建一个yml文件,将这三个项目整合起来运行:

cd /etc/ansible
vim httpd-php_roles.yml
---
- hosts: httpd
  remote_user: root
  roles:
  - { role: php, tags: [ php-tag,ap-tag ] }
  - { role: mariadb, tags: [ mariadb-tag,ap-tag ] }
  - { role: httpd, tags: [ httpd-tag,ap-tag ] }

13. 向定义的目标主机进行发布程序:

~]# ansible-playbook /etc/ansible/httpd-php_roles.yml

只要目标主机yum源可用,没有遇到报错基本OK.

访问验证一下: